PDF| Antropologi kesehatan | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
Italian Trader at the Court of Kublai KhanAt the height of the Mongol Empire, Marco Polo served Emperor Kublai Khan in China and returned to Venice to write an account of his experiences that would give Europeans some of their earliest information about the 13th century, people who lived in Venice, Italy, believed that the Sun revolved around the Earth and that creation occurred exactly 4,484 years before Rome was founded. As Christians, they considered Jerusalem, the place of Jesus’s crucifixion, to be the so-called navel of the world, and their maps portrayed Polo was born in Venice, or possibly Croatia, in 1254. Located on the eastern coast of Italy, Venice served as a gateway to the riches of Asia during this era of increasing trade. Goods flowed like water through the city. Ships from around the eastern Mediterranean docked at its port. Merchants and traders set sail from Venice for Constantinople now Istanbul and the Black Sea to fetch goods from Russia and from merchants who traveled the Silk Roads, a system of trading routes to and from China that crossed the mountains and deserts of Central the time of Marco’s birth, his father, Niccolo, and two uncles, all merchants, were away trading. Supposedly they were visiting cities on the Black Sea, but their adventures had actually taken them all the way to the Mongol capital of China, Khanbaliq city of the Khan. There they had an audience with the most powerful ruler of the day, Kublai Khan, grandson of the founding emperor, Genghis Khan. When the three Polo men returned to Venice after an absence of 16 years, Niccolo found that his wife had died and that he had a 15-year-old son, Marco, whom he did not know years later, in 1271, Niccolo Polo and his brother, Maffeo, set off again, taking the 17-year-old Marco with them. This time they aimed directly for the court of Kublai Khan, to bring him documents from the pope and holy oil from Jerusalem that he had requested. Even with a gold passport from Kublai Khan, which enabled the travelers to use lodgings and horses posted by the Mongols along the Silk Road routes, they took three and a half years to arrive. Upon reaching the summer palace of Kublai Khan in 1275, Niccolo presented his son and offered him in service to the talented young man, Marco had learned several languages along the way, including Mongolian though not Chinese, and had mastered four written alphabets. Two years before Marco’s arrival, Kublai Khan had completed the conquest of all parts of China and needed non-Mongol administrators in areas that resisted having Mongol authorities. Marco took on various sorts of diplomatic and administrative roles for the emperor from his base in Dadu, which Kublai Khan built next to Khanbaliq. Both Dadu and Khanbaliq stood at what is now more than 16 years in China, the Polos begged permission from Kublai Khan to return home to Venice. Apparently they had proved so useful to the khan that he did not want them to leave. Finally, he agreed for them to escort a Mongolian princess, Cogatin, to become the bride of a Persian khan; thus they headed back time they traveled by sea in Chinese ships and, after many difficulties, succeeded in delivering the princess. Before they could reach Venice, however, Kublai Khan died on February 18, 1294, which allowed local rulers to reassert themselves and demand payment from traders. Consequently, the Polos were forced to hand over 4,000 Byzantine coins, a significant portion of their fortune, to the local government of a city on the Black Polos returned to Venice in 1295, having been away 24 years. Their enthusiastic biographer told stories, which may have been gossip, that when they returned they were wearing Mongolian clothing and could hardly remember their native language. Their relatives had thought them long dead. But when they produced a small fortune in gems rubies, sapphires, garnets, diamonds, and emeralds, which had been sewn into the hems of their Mongolian garments, they were warmly Venice was at war with its rival city-state, Genoa, on the west coast of Italy. As was custom for a wealthy merchant, Marco Polo financed his own war galley. He was captured during a naval battle and ended up in prison in chance, one of his cellmates, Rusticello from Pisa, had experience writing romantic novels. As Polo entertained everyone with his tales of traveling to China, Rusticello wrote them down in a French dialect. This is how Polo’s accounts, Europe’s primary source of information about China until the 19th century, came into 1299 Genoa and Venice declared peace; Polo was released and returned to Venice to marry Donata Badoer. The couple had three daughters in quick succession. He spent his remaining days as a businessman, working from home. He died there at almost 70 years of age, on January 8, 1324, and was buried under the church of San Lorenzo, though his tomb has now Polo’s BookPolo might have been forgotten had his book, The Travels of Marco Polo, not engaged widespread interest. It could be circulated only one copy at a time, since printing in Europe did not begin until almost 200 years later. About 120 to 140 early manuscripts — hand-printed and fragmentary versions of The Travels — survive, and every one of them is different. The earliest readers were scholars, monks, and noblemen. Soon translations of The Travels appeared, in Venetian, German, English, Catalan, Argonese, Gaelic, and Latin. It took more than a century for the book to become part of mainstream European texts have provoked more controversy than The Travels of Marco Polo. The authorship is not clear — is it Polo or Rusticello? Sometimes the text is in the first-person voice, sometimes in the third-person. How much of the text is based on Polo’s firsthand experience and how much did the authors insert secondhand accounts by others? Certainly it’s a mix. What was reported seemed so bizarre to stay-at-home Europeans that the readers often assumed that everything was made up. Yet historians have largely confirmed the facts in Polo’s account of the height of the Mongol proved an engaging storyteller. He found Mongolian customs fascinating and reported them enthusiastically, such as the use of paper for money and the burning of coal for heat see excerpts below. Paper money had been utilized in China for several hundred years, and coal had been burned in parts of China since the beginning of also missed a few unfamiliar practices, notably the books being sold in Quinsa now Hangzhou, the capital city of the earlier Song dynasty in southern China. Books were widely available there because they were printed with moveable type made of wood, clay, or tin. Moveable type was missing in Europe until 1440, when Johannes Gutenberg, a German printer, invented it Christopher Columbus set sail on August 3, 1492, hoping to find a route by sea to China, he carried with him a heavily annotated copy of The Travels of Marco Polo, expecting it to be The Travels of Marco Polo Book 2, Chapter 18OF THE KIND OF PAPER MONEY ISSUED BY THE GRAND KHAN, AND MADE TO PASS CURRENT THROUGHOUT HIS DOMINIONSIn this city of Cambalu [another spelling for Khanbaliq] is the mint of the grand khan, who may truly be said to possess the secret of the alchemists, as he has the art of producing money by the following process. He causes bark to be stripped from those mulberry-trees the leaves of which are used for feeding silk-worms, and takes from it that thin inner ring which lies between the coarser bark and the wood of the tree. This being steeped, and afterwards pounded in a mortar, until reduced to a pulp, is made into paper, resembling that which is made from cotton, but quite black. When ready for use, he has it cut into pieces of money of different sizes, nearly square, but somewhat longer than they are wide...The coinage of this paper money is authenticated with as much form and ceremony as if it were actually of pure gold or silver; for to each note a number of officers, specially appointed, not only subscribe their names, but affix their signets also; and when this has been regularly done by the whole of them, the principal officer, deputed by his majesty, having dipped into vermilion the royal seal committed to his custody, stamps with it the piece of paper, so that the form of the seal tinged with the vermilion remains impressed upon it, by which it receives full authenticity as current money, and the act of counterfeiting it is punished as a capital offence. When thus coined in large quantities, this paper currency is circulated in every part of the grand khan’s dominions; nor dares any person, at the peril of his life, refuse to accept it in payment. All his subjects receive it without hesitation, because wherever their business may call them, they can dispose of it again in the purchase of merchandise they may have occasion for; such as pearls, jewels, gold, or silver. With it, in short, every article may be procured... All his majesty’s armies are paid with this currency, which is to them of the same value as if it were gold or silver. Upon these grounds, it may certainly be affirmed that the grand khan has a more extensive command of treasure than any other sovereign in the universe. pp. 145–147Book 2, Chapter 23OF THE KIND OF WINE MADE IN THE PROVINCE OF CATHAY — AND OF THE STONES USED THERE FOR BURNING IN THE MANNER OF CHARCOALThe greater part of the inhabitants of the province of Cathay [now China] drink a sort of wine made from rice mixed with a variety of spices and drugs. This beverage, or wine as it may be termed, is so good and well flavoured that they do not wish for better. It is clear, bright, and pleasant to the taste, and being made very hot, has the quality of inebriating sooner than any this province there is found a sort of black stone, which they dig out of the mountains, where it runs in veins. When lighted, it burns like charcoal, and retains the fire much better than wood; inso- much that it may be preserved during the night, and in the morning be found still burning. These stones do not flame, excepting a little when first lighted, but during their ignition give out a considerable heat. It is true there is no scarcity of wood in the country, but the multitude of inhabitants is so immense, and their stoves and baths, which they are continually heating, so numerous, that the quantity could not supply the demand; for there is no person who does not frequent the warm bath at least three times in the week, and during the winter daily, if it is in their power. Every man of rank or wealth has one in his house for his own use; and the stock of wood must soon prove inadequate to such consumption; whereas these stones may be had in the greatest abundance, and at a cheap rate. p. 155For Further DiscussionWhat are some similarities and differences between Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo’s travels? Share one similarity and one difference in the Questions Area below.
wafflecombagen judi online yang menawarkan link daftar situs slot online gacor terbaik dan terpercaya no 1 di Indonesia.. APIKBET88 situs judi IDN slot online deposit pulsa terpercaya, situs judi online bola terbaik bet 88 online.. BigSlot188 situs slot deposit pulsa 5000 tanpa potongan 2022 terbaik di Indonesia, mainkan banyak games slot pulsa gacor tanpa
Soal PAS Sejarah Peminatan XI - Semester 10% found this document useful 0 votes101 views7 pagesOriginal TitleSoal PAS Sejarah Peminatan XI_Semester 1Copyright© © All Rights ReservedAvailable FormatsDOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from ScribdShare this documentDid you find this document useful?0% found this document useful 0 votes101 views7 pagesSoal PAS Sejarah Peminatan XI - Semester 1Original TitleSoal PAS Sejarah Peminatan XI_Semester 1Jump to Page You are on page 1of 7 You're Reading a Free Preview Pages 4 to 6 are not shown in this preview. Reward Your CuriosityEverything you want to Anywhere. Any Commitment. Cancel anytime. Berdasarkandata tersebut, informasi tentang Divisi India 26 dari pasukan AFNEI yang datang ke Indonesia ditunjukkan nomor . a. 2 dan 6. b. 3 dan 4. c. 1 dan 6. d. 2 dan 5. 13. Informasi berikut yang tidak tepat terkait pertempuran antara TKR dengan pasukan sekutu di Surabaya adalah
Jawaban dari "Complete The Family Tree Based On The Text! ​" Apa sobat sering dikasih peer oleh guru? Tetapi kamu bingung untuk menyelesaikannya? Sebetulnya ada beberapa metoda untuk menyelesaikan tugas tsb, salah satunya adalah dengan cara bertanya pada saudara. Selain itu, menemukan jawabannya di internet bisa saja jadi solusi yang baik sekarang ini. Btw, kami sudah mempunyai 2 cara mengerjakan atas complete the family tree based on the text! ​ . Okay, langsung saja lihat cara mengerjakannya selengkapnya disini Complete The Family Tree Based On The Text! ​ Jawaban 1 1 Irma 2 D i c k y 3 Rudy 4 Sari 5 Anisa 6 Teguh 7 Ina Jawaban 2 Jawaban Ada di Gambar ya! ^ ^ CMIIW sumber gambar Gimana? Sudah ketemu jawabannya kan? Semoga solusi tadi dapat membantu penyelesaian peer anda. Bila sobat memiliki peer lainnya, silahkan temu Jawaban dari "Susunan Pengelompokkan Suara Dalam Paduan Suara Yang Benar Adalah? A. Alto-Sopran-Bass-Tenor B. Sopr..." Tahukah anda, ternyata melihat cara menyelesaikan peer dengan memanfaatkan mesin pencarian di internet adalah cara jitu yang perlu dicoba?. Penelitian menyebutkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan strategi menemukan jawabannya dapat meningkatkan hasil ujian pada mata pelajaran. Kami sudah menyusun 1 cara menjawab tentang Susunan pengelompokkan suara dalam Paduan Suara yang benar adalah? a. Alto-Sopran-Bass-Tenor b. Sopr.... Monggo pelajari cara menjawabnya lebih lanjut di bawah ini Jawaban 1 c. Bass-Sopran-Alto-Tenor headless bass guitar hohner jack ended ad sumber gambar Itulah cara menjawab tentang "Susunan pengelompokkan suara dalam Paduan Suara yang benar adalah? a. Alto-Sopran-Bass-Tenor b. Sopr..." yang dapat kami berikan, semoga bisa membantu! Postingan populer dari blog ini Apakah teman-teman sudah tahu, ternyata mendapatkan cara mengerjakan soal dengan memanfaatkan web online adalah pilihan jitu yang harus teman-teman coba?. Penelitian menyebutkan bahwa cara belajar dengan metoda mencari cara menjawabnya bisa menaikkan nilai pada mata pelajaran matematika. Oh ya, kami telah menyusun 1 ulasan tentang No. 2,4,5,6,7 adalah kalimat positif present continuous tense No. 1,3,8 adalah kalimat positif past... . Monggo baca jawabannya selanjutnya di bawah ini No. 2,4,5,6,7 Adalah Kalimat Positif Present Continuous Tense No. 1,3,8 Adalah Kalimat Positif Past Continuous Tense. 1. Rico Was Studying English In His Bedroom Last Night. 2. The Students Are Doing The Test In Classroom Now. 3. The Farmers Were Planting The Vegetables In The Rice Field Last Season. 4. Daisy Is Cooking Vegetable In The Kitchen Now. 5. The Teachers Are Discussing Mountain Eruption Now. 6. Anton Is Buyi Nah .. Jika kamu ingin melihat cara menyelesaikan atas pertanyaan alat-alat syarat visuali visual signal yaitu​ , maka sobat telah ada di halaman yang tepat. Btw, kami sudah menyusun 1 cara menyelesaikan mengenai alat-alat syarat visuali visual signal yaitu​ . Monggo lihat cara menyelesaikannya selanjutnya di bawah ini Alat-alat Syarat Visuali visual Signal Yaitu​ Jawaban 1 Jawaban Alat yang digunakan untuk menerjemahkan signal ke gambar visual adalah Fourier transform tool dan Discrete Cosine Transform DCT. Penjelasan S e m o g a m e m b a n t u ^ _ ^ bvb iduna eventlocation borussia ligalaga fußball sumber gambar Kalau anda memiliki pertanyaan lainnya, silahkan cari juga cara mengerjakannya di website ini. Sedang mencari jawaban tentang Pelaku kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh netter tingkat pemula untuk sekedar mencoba kekurang handalan s... ? Kalau benar, sobat sudah berada di website yang tepat. Btw, kami sudah menyusun 1 jawaban dari Pelaku kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh netter tingkat pemula untuk sekedar mencoba kekurang handalan s... . Monggo pelajari cara menyelesaikannya selanjutnya di bawah ini Pelaku Kejahatan Yang Dilakukan Oleh Netter Tingkat Pemula Untuk Sekedar Mencoba Kekurang Handalan System Sekuritas Suatu Perusahaan, Disebut​ Jawaban 1 Recreational Hackers adalah pelaku kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh netter tingkat pemula untuk sekedar mencoba kekurang handalan sistem sekuritas suatu perusahaan. Penjelasan Beberapa etika yang harus diperhatikan dalam penggunaan Teknologi Informasi Komputer adalah Menggunakan fasilitas TIK untuk hal-hal yang bermanfaat Tidak memberikan user ID da

UntukSMP/MTs Kelas VIII. Hak Cipta buku ini pada Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional. Dilindungi Undang-undang. t Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi/Jani Kusanti, Noor Abdul Haris; editor, Arief Satiyo Nugroho; ilustrator, M. Qolbi.—Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan, Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional, 2010.

TKA- Matematika. 1. Jika area yang diwarnai biru memiliki luas 16 dan area yang diwarnai orange memiliki luas 9, maka luas area yang diwarnai ungu adalah A. 18 D. 27 B. 20 E. 36 C. 24. 2. Suatu semangka memiliki berat 24 kg dan 97% dari semangka tersebut adalah air. Javala Grande (Pulau Jawa Besar) adalah sebuah pulau besar yang ditunjukkan dalam peta abad ke 16 dengan kontur mirip dengan Australia. Menurut Marco Polo, Java la Grande adalah pulau terbesar di dunia, sedangkan Mynor Jave (Jawa kecil) adalah pulau Sumatra.. Asal. Karena kesalahan penulisan dalam Buku III perjalanan Marco Polo melewati rute selatan dari Champa, Kalimantan(toponim: Kalamantan, Calémantan, Kalémantan, Kelamantan, Kilamantan, Klamantan, Klémantan, K'lemantan, Quallamontan), atau juga disebut Borneo oleh dunia internasional. Kalimantan adalah pulau terbesar ketiga di dunia yang terletak di sebelah utara Pulau Jawa dan di sebelah barat Pulau Sulawesi.Pulau Kalimantan dibagi menjadi wilayah

JumantaraVol. 3 No.2 Tahun 2012. penulisan karakter tulisan tangan Jawa, Bali dan Sasak yang ditemukan dari peninggalan Dr. H.N. van der Tuuk, serta Kamus Kawi-Bali-Nederlandsch yang diterbitkan pada tahun , 1901 dan 1903 oleh Perpustakaan Universitas Leiden pada tahun 1903, menjelang wafatnya.

SOALPILIHAN GANDA BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS X-XII. 1. Pertanyaannya yang tidak tepat terkait Jalur Utara adalah .. A. Jalur perdagangan yant telah dipergunakan selama kira – kira 1.500 tahun dan membentang sejauh 6.400 km. B. Sutra dan rempah – rempah merupakan beberapa komoditas utama yang diperdagangkan lewat Jalur Utara. C. Kota – kota .
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/596
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/493
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/730
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/725
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/644
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/726
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/709
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/314
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/77
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/808
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/377
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/410
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/583
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/836
  • 4mynwjdcgf.pages.dev/782

    • informasi yang tepat terkait marco polo ditunjukkan nomor